Found in the heart of Cappadocia in Turkey, Göreme Plateau National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that enchants many with its otherworldly landscapes. Göreme Plateau is renowned for its surreal topography, which has been shaped over millennia by volcanic activity and erosion.
The national park is dominated by the “fairy chimneys,” tall, conical rock formations created as softer volcanic ash eroded beneath harder basalt layers. These unique formations, combined with the region’s valleys, cliffs, and plateaus, create a stunning, almost lunar landscape that has captivated travelers and artists alike.
From its iconic fairy chimneys to its ancient cave dwellings, this national park is a testament to the harmonious coexistence of natural beauty and human ingenuity. Here’s our comprehensive guide to Göreme Plateau National Park;
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Overview of Göreme Plateau National Park
This UNESCO World Heritage Site showcases a mesmerizing volcanic landscape shaped by the eruptions of Mount Erciyes and Mount Hasan. Although these picturesque volcanic peaks lie outside the park’s 39-square-mile (100 sq km) boundaries, they add to the breathtaking scenery visible from within.
The park’s plateaus and hills, composed of basalt and volcanic ash, have been sculpted by centuries of wind and river erosion, creating the iconic hoodoo rock formations. These formations include fairy chimneys, pillars, rock towers, and tent rocks, with softer layers that enabled ancient settlers to carve out dwellings, storehouses, stables, and religious spaces.
The underground city system, with tunnels connecting 8-story-deep settlements, reflects the ingenuity of early inhabitants and offers a glimpse into their lives. Today, some parts of this remarkable region remain inhabited, while others have been transformed into unique hotels.
Wildlife in Göreme Plateau National Park
Göreme Plateau National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site in central Turkey, boasts a rich and diverse wildlife. The park is home to a variety of mammals, including the elusive grey wolf (Canis lupus), the agile red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and the shy European otter (Lutra lutra).
Other notable residents are the Eurasian badger (Meles meles), beech marten (Martes foina), and the swift brown hare (Lepus europeus). Avian species thrive in the park’s rocky landscapes, featuring majestic birds of prey like the rough-legged buzzard (Buteo lagopus), black vulture, and falcon.
You’ll also find iconic species such as the rock partridge (Alectoris graeca), common quail (Coturnix coturnix), and western rock nuthatch (Sitta neumayer). Common sights include rock pigeons, crows, spotted and green woodpeckers, swallows, magpies, and white wagtails. The park also supports smaller populations of jackals, wild goats, and mountain hares, making it a sanctuary for wildlife enthusiasts.
Best Time to Visit Göreme Plateau National Park
The best time to visit Göreme Plateau National Park is during spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November). During these two windows, the weather is delightfully mild, making outdoor activities like hiking and hot air ballooning especially enjoyable. These seasons also showcase the park’s breathtaking landscapes, with vibrant greenery blanketing the valleys in spring and a rich palette of golden hues in autumn.
Also, visiting during these periods means fewer crowds compared to the bustling summer months, allowing for a more tranquil and immersive experience. Additionally, autumn often coincides with local harvest festivals, offering travelers a chance to engage with regional culture and festivities.
Getting to Göreme Plateau National Park
The national park is easily accessible from Istanbul, offering a range of travel options to suit different preferences. For the quickest journey, take a flight from Istanbul to Göreme. The flight typically lasts just over an hour, followed by a taxi or pre-booked airport transfer to the park, adding another hour.
The entire trip can be completed in two to three hours. For those seeking an adventurous road trip, driving is an excellent choice. The scenic eight-hour drive winds through mountains and passes Ankara, providing an opportunity for a cultural stop along the way.
Car rentals are readily available near Istanbul’s airport. Alternatively, budget travelers can opt for an overnight bus. Many of the buses are very comfortable and offer world-class amenities as you travel to this beautiful national park.
Other Activities in Göreme Plateau National Park
Göreme Plateau National Park offers an abundance of activities to immerse yourself in its breathtaking landscapes and rich history. For ardent hikers, make sure to pick up a trail map from your hotel to help you plan out your adventure. The park has at least eight trails ranging from easy to moderate, perfect for those eager to explore the valley’s unique terrain and historical landmarks.
For a different but just as endearing experience, consider booking a horse riding session through the trails. Göreme is famously dubbed “the land of beautiful horses” and many horse stables offer this experience. Most of these are part of guided tours that start from two hours to full-day excursions.
Of course, no visit is complete without a hot air balloon ride, one of the most iconic experiences in Cappadocia. Whether you take to the skies for a magical bird’s-eye view or simply enjoy the spectacle of colorful balloons rising at dawn, this is a moment you’ll cherish forever. Be sure to book your balloon ride well in advance to secure your spot!
Park Fees in Göreme Plateau National Park
Göreme Plateau National Park itself is free to access, making it an affordable starting point for exploring the region. However, certain attractions and activities within the park come with fees.
For example, entry to the Göreme Open Air Museum costs about 75 Lira ($2.10), while a visit to the Village of Ortahisar is 30 Lira ($0.84). If you’re interested in the iconic Cappadocia Balloon Rides, prices vary by season but generally start at around 5000 Lira (around $140).
FAQs
Why is Cappadocia so famous?
Cappadocia is renowned for its otherworldly landscape, characterized by unique rock formations known as “fairy chimneys.” This breathtaking region in central Turkey is also famous for its hot air balloon rides, which provide an unforgettable way to experience its dramatic scenery.
Floating high above the valleys, caves, and towering rock structures, you’re treated to stunning panoramic views that make Cappadocia a bucket-list destination for travelers worldwide.
Is Cappadocia expensive to visit?
Cappadocia can be slightly more expensive to visit compared to other parts of Turkey, particularly when it comes to accommodation, which tends to cost a bit more. Food and drink prices also see a modest hike in the region. However, despite these factors, Cappadocia remains a relatively affordable destination.
Conclusion
Göreme Plateau National Park is not only a natural wonder but also a cultural treasure. Whether you’re marveling at the fairy chimneys or floating above in a hot air balloon, the park promises an unforgettable journey through one of Turkey’s most enchanting landscapes.
